The Cardamom Genome (Book)

 Overview

Editors: K. K. Sabu, Chittaranjan Kole

• Written by globally reputed experts on cardamom genetics, genomics, transcriptomics, and breeding
• Is the first one compiling advances in genomics and metabolic profiling of cardamom
• Presents an overview of advanced techniques of biotechnology and genome profiling in cardamom

About this book

This book is the first comprehensive compilation of elucidation of the genome of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) and its genetic improvement. It includes reviews on the genetic resources, genetics and breeding and in vitro culture in cardamom and molecular characterization of phylogenetic relationship of cardamom of Columbia and Costa Rica.  This book presents deliberations on the whole genome sequencing and SSR markers of small cardamom. It also enumerates on the genetics and genomics of biotic stress and host-pathogen interaction, genomics of flavors, and transcriptomics resources and their implications and finally functional regulation of mRNAs in cardamom. Altogether, the book contains about 150 pages over 10 chapters authored by globally reputed experts on the relevant field in this crop. The book is useful to the students, teachers, and scientists in the academia and relevant private companies interested in classical genetics and breeding, molecular genetics, structural genomics, functional genomics, plant pathology and plant physiology of cardamom.

Visit book page online at https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-71829-8

In Vitro Anti Angiogenetic Activity of Traditional Plants Saraca asoca, Glycyrrhizia glabra and Curcuma longa Beneficial for Endometriosis Treatment

The development of angiogenesis plays an essential role in the growth and survival of endometriosis. The aim was to determine the in vitro anti-angiogenic effect of Saraca asoca, Glycyrrhiza glabra, and Curcuma longa ethanolic extract in chick embryos by emphasizing its total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the sample. It was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride methods respectively. Anti-angiogenesis assay was done in chorioallantoic membrane. The high amount of total phenol and flavonoid was obtained from all three plant extracts and may be responsible for the bioactivity of the crude extract. Saraca asoca exhibits high phenolic content and anti-angiogenic activity followed by Curcuma longa with rich flavonoid and Glycyrrhiza glabra showed moderate activity for all the assays. A significant anti-angiogenic effect was observed for Saraca asoca (73.65+0.021) % and Curcuma longa (67.65+0.024) % than reference drug dienogest (62.42+0.02) % in the study. Search for new therapeutic agents with anti-angiogenic potential rich in plant secondary metabolites like phenols and flavonoids are need of the hour. The results successfully reveal that the abovementioned plants used in traditional medicines could be used for treating angiogenesis-related diseases like endometriosis.

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Identification of dominant housekeeping genes to normalize mRNA level in dioecious Palmyra palm

Suchilkumar Soorya, Thacheril Sukumaran Swapna, Senan Siju and Sabu Kalluvettankuzhy Krishnan Nair

Res. J. Biotech.; Vol. 19(1); 10-21; doi: https://doi.org/10.25303/1901rjbt01021; (2024)

Abstract
A stable housekeeping gene is required for precise and consistent qPCR data analysis. Palmyra palm is an important tropical dioecious tree crop with diverse uses. However, no reliable gene expression studies or housekeeping gene standardization have been documented, which limit crop improvement and utilization. In this work, four frequently used statistical tools such as RefFinder, NormFinder, Delta CT method and BestKeeper were applied to evaluate the constancy and fluctuation in expression of a chosen 10 internal control genes such as NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5-like (NAD5), β-actin, ACTIN CRD, alpha-tubulin, UBCE, EIF, EF2, AP1, GAPDH and UBQ2 in both vegetative and reproductive tissues of dioecious Palmyra palm. Six flower tissues and two leaf tissues from male and female palms were used in this study. The findings indicated that NAD5-2 is the most reliable and constant housekeeping gene expressed during Palmyra palm flower development. The AGAMOUS and SEEDSTICK genes expression pattern in the flower development were used to validate the normalized expression of the four housekeeping genes that were chosen in order to further support the stability of those genes. Our results will be useful for further research on gene transcription level in Palmyra palms and also the above mentioned tool is very useful for the normalization of housekeeping genes of biological samples with different experimental conditions.